[8] Showing their resolution the letter stated: ...for so long as there shall be but one hundred of us remain alive we will never give consent to subject ourselves to the domination of the English. Change ). Dr Borthwick says scholars still debate at great length whether there is any genuine connection between the Arbroath declaration and the American declaration. [12], In 1998 The United States Congress resolved that the US Declaration of Independence has been modeled on the Declaration of Arbroath. For failing to listen to him he excommunicated all of Scotland. [4] Bernard Linton, Chancellor of Scotland and Abbot[a] of Arbroath is believed to be the author. Burns may not have read the Declaration of Arbroath but Hamish Henderson most certainly did. [4] It then claims that in the Kingdom of Scotland, "one hundred and thirteen kings have reigned of their own Blood Royal, without interruption by foreigners". It is in truth not for glory, nor riches, nor honours that we are fighting, but for freedom – for that alone, which no honest man gives up but with life itself. A. Transcription and translation of Declaration of Arbroath, 6 April 1320 (National Records of Scotland, SP13/7) (209KB PDF), PDF files require Acrobat Reader. The English convinced the pope it was the fault of the Scottish that there was no progress. Pages in category "Signatories to the Declaration of Arbroath" The following 33 pages are in this category, out of 33 total. "[8], The text makes claims about the ancient history of Scotland and especially the Scoti, forbears of the Scots, who the Declaration claims originated in Scythia Major and migrated via Spain to Britain, dating their migration to "1,200 years from the Israelite people's crossing of the Red Sea". Edward III gave up all claims on Scotland. The Senate resolution noted that almost half of the signers of the US Declaration were of Scottish descent. A. M. Duncan, 'The Making of the Declaration of Arbroath', in D. A. Bullough and R. L. Storey (eds. Although the Declaration was damaged during its absence from Edinburgh Castle, the full text was known from an engraving made in the early eighteenth century, which was re-engraved around 1815 by William Home Lizars and Daniel Lizars. The Declaration was intended to assert Scotland's status as an independent, sovereign state and defend Scotland's right to use military action when unjustly attacked. The document in National Records of Scotland is the "file copy" of the Declaration: the only version to survive in its original form. On the European front, by 1320 Scottish relations with the papacy were in crisis after the Scots defied papal efforts to establish a truce with England. Edward I stepped in to choose who would be king from among the candidates who had any claim to be king. Dr Borthwick says the current thinking among scholars is that this does not necessarily refer to the overthrowing of Robert Bruce but to any successor such as Edward Balliol, who was supported by Edward II. [7] In reply, the Declaration was composed and signed and, in response, the papacy rescinded King Robert Bruce's excommunication and thereafter addressed him using his royal title. [2] The letter asserted the antiquity of the independence of the Kingdom of Scotland, denouncing English attempts to subjugate it.[1][2]. [5] For his part the pope refused to accept Robert the Bruce as the king of Scotland. [22] US Senate Resolution 155 of 10 November 1997 states that "the Declaration of Arbroath, the Scottish Declaration of Independence, was signed on April 6, 1320 and the American Declaration of Independence was modeled [sic] on that inspirational document". [10] The interdict on Scotland and the excommunication of its king were finally removed. Just before doing this Robert the Bruce had been involved in a dispute with John Comyn. National Records of Scotland (NRS) collects, preserves and produces information about Scotland's people and history and make it available to inform current and future generations. The letter was an appeal from the nobles to lift the excommunication and recognise Robert I as the rightful king. The others were a letter from the King of Scots, Robert I, and a letter from four Scottish bishops which all made similar points. published in Acts of the Parliaments of Scotland vol 1 (1844), p.474. Listed below are the signatories of the Declaration of Arbroath in 1320.[20]. ), The Declaration of Arbroath: History, Significance, Setting (Edinburgh, 2003). Read about our approach to external linking. The barons hoped the Pope, as the head of Western Christendom, could put pressure of King Edward II of England to achieve peace. This excommunication was li A student and a lecturer at the University are among the descendants traced by the Declaration of Arbroath Family History Project.

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