Video, 00:03:20From Shakespeare to Star Wars, Shakespeare week: Life as a child. Warwick's position nevertheless remained precarious. In 1461 the Yorkist claimant, Edward, Earl of March, was proclaimed King Edward IV and defeated the supporters of the weak, intermittently insane Lancastrian King Henry VI at the Battle of Towton. The Wars of the Roses came to Tewkesbury on the 4th of May, 1471 where the Battle of Tewkesbury was fiercely fought.

During the next several years, other battles between Lancaster and York were fought; Mortimer’s Cross (February 2, 1461), second St. Albans (February 17, 1461), and Hexham (May 15, 1464).
Despite the vast stretches of time that have passed, can traces of that battle – from arrowheads to shots – still be excavated from the Avon and the other rivers that ran red with the blood of the dead? Either to escape the cannonade and volleys of archery or because he saw an opportunity to outflank King Edward's isolated battle, the Duke of Somerset led at least part of his men via some of the "evil lanes" to attack Edward's left flank. Near Pontefract Castle he evaded the troops of Warwick's brother Montagu. Although he would later capture the deposed Henry VI, a 'court in exile' was established by Queen Margaret along with her son Edward, Prince of Wales. She had only progressed as far as Cerne Abbas when she learned of Warwick's death at the Battle of Barnet. English tactics had not changed very much since the days of Crécy and Agincourt. Edward's landing was inauspicious at first; the ships were scattered by bad weather and his men landed in small detachments over a wide area on 14 March. His commanders managed to talk him out of the idea—they pointed out that Edward was only a few miles distant and closing fast. Like Margaret, he appeared to be dispirited by the news of Tewkesbury and the Prince's death, and later rather tamely surrendered himself and his ships. There are moments in military history that forever alter the flow of human events.
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. The Battle of Tewkesbury, which took place on 4 May 1471, was one of the decisive battles of the Wars of the Roses in England. The battle commenced with an exchange of artillery fire.

Yorkist soldiers entered local churches and dragged members of the Lancastrian nobility outside before killing them. However, the Lancastrians made a feint towards Little Sodbury, about 12 miles (19 km) northeast of Bristol. Even more important, Edward’s army also had a psychological edge—his soldiers had met and routed the Earl of Warwick’s force at Barnet less than three weeks before and were full of confidence. On the morning of May 4, Edward led his army onto the field south of Tewkesbury. A farmhouse then known as Gobes Hall marked the centre of the Lancastrian position; nearby was "Margaret's camp", earthworks of uncertain age. The Lancastrian king, Henry VI, who was a prisoner in the Tower of London, died or was murdered shortly after the battle. The Lancastrian centre was commanded by Lord Wenlock. Although Edward left for Coventry following the battle, “to deal with new risings there,” he no longer had any real rivals for the crown. She was met by supporters of her husband, the feeble-minded Henry VI, including Edward Beaufort, Duke of Somerset. Edward fled to King's Lynn, where he took ship for Flanders, part of Burgundy, accompanied only by his youngest brother Richard of Gloucester and a few faithful adherents. In battle, he was always in the van and could be seen by all of his soldiers, usually hacking away at the nearest enemy with a battle-axe or a mace. Besides being king, Edward was also a soldier and a commanding general. The embittered Warwick secured the support of Edward IV's brother George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence, for a coup in exchange for Warwick's promise to crown Clarence king. The location would be Tewkesbury, where the Lancastrians hoped to cross the River Severn and head into Wales. The Lancastrian heir to the throne, Edward, Prince of Wales, and many prominent Lancastrian nobles were killed during the battle or thereafter executed. .css-1hlxxic-PromoLink:link{color:inherit;}.css-1hlxxic-PromoLink:visited{color:#696969;}.css-1hlxxic-PromoLink:link,.css-1hlxxic-PromoLink:visited{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}.css-1hlxxic-PromoLink:link:hover,.css-1hlxxic-PromoLink:visited:hover,.css-1hlxxic-PromoLink:link:focus,.css-1hlxxic-PromoLink:visited:focus{color:#B80000;-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}.css-1hlxxic-PromoLink:link::after,.css-1hlxxic-PromoLink:visited::after{content:'';position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;z-index:2;}Shakespeare's family roots traced to town. Just as during the Hundred Years War, the archer and his long bow dominated.

Scofield, C.L (1923).

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